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Time：2025-08-06 11:50:52 Reading volume：
Industrial oil-water separation equipment is primarily used to treat oily wastewater, effectively separating oil and water. It is widely used in the petroleum, chemical, food processing, machinery manufacturing, and shipbuilding industries. The following are common types of industrial oil-water separation equipment and their characteristics:
- Principle: Utilizes the density difference between oil and water to achieve natural separation through gravity.
- Common Types:
- API Separator (American Petroleum Institute): Suitable for the petroleum industry, it handles large flows of oily wastewater, offers long retention times, and provides stable separation results.
- Parallel Plate Separator (PPI): Incorporates inclined parallel plates into the separator to increase the separation area and improve efficiency.
- Inclined Plate Separator (CPI): Similar to the PPI, but with an inclined plate design that further optimizes separation.
- Features: Simple structure and easy maintenance, but requires a larger footprint. Suitable for treating low-concentration oily wastewater.
- Principle: High-speed rotation generates centrifugal force, accelerating oil-water separation. - Application: Suitable for high-concentration oily wastewater or emulsified oil (such as machining coolant).
- Features:
- High separation efficiency and speed, but high equipment cost and energy consumption.
- Common types: Disc stack centrifuge, tubular centrifuge.
- Principle: Utilizes lipophilic materials (such as activated carbon and polymer adsorbents) to adsorb oil from water.
- Common equipment:
- Coalescing filter: Uses a coalescing material to aggregate tiny oil droplets into larger droplets, facilitating separation.
- Activated carbon adsorption device: Used for advanced treatment of low-concentration oily wastewater.
- Features: Suitable for treating trace amounts of oil or emulsified oil, but requires regular replacement of the adsorbent material.
- Principle: By injecting tiny bubbles into water, oil droplets attach to the bubbles and float to the surface for separation.
- Types:
- Dissolved air flotation (DAF): Pressurized air is dissolved and then released, forming tiny bubbles. - Cavitation Air Flotation (CAF): Mechanically generates bubbles.
- Features: Suitable for treating emulsified oil or wastewater containing high levels of suspended solids; highly efficient but with high energy consumption.
- Principle: Utilizes ultrafiltration (UF), microfiltration (MF), or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes to trap oil droplets.
- Application: High-precision separation, suitable for emulsified oil or difficult-to-treat industrial wastewater.
- Features:
- Excellent separation performance (oil removal rates exceeding 99%), but membranes are susceptible to fouling and require regular cleaning or replacement.
- Principle: Uses an electric field to coalesce and separate charged oil droplets.
- Application: Treats emulsified oil or nano-sized oil droplets (such as metalworking fluids).
- Features: Highly efficient but with high operating costs; suitable for specific industries.
- Principle: Utilizes microorganisms to degrade oil in wastewater.
- Application: Used in conjunction with other separation technologies for subsequent advanced treatment. - Features: Environmentally friendly, but with a long treatment cycle and the need for controlled environmental conditions.
- Vortex Separator: Accelerates oil-water separation through vortex motion, suitable for ship ballast water treatment.
- Vacuum Separator: Separates oil and water under negative pressure, used in the food industry (e.g., frying wastewater).
1. Oil-water Mixture State: Free oil, emulsified oil, or dissolved oil.
2. Flow Rate and Concentration: Gravity or flotation is recommended for high flow rates, while centrifugal or coalescing is recommended for high concentrations.
3. Emission Standards: Stringent standards require a combination of processes (e.g., gravity + adsorption + membrane separation).
4. Industry Requirements: For example, ships require compact equipment, while the food industry requires corrosion-resistant materials.
- Petroleum/Chemical Industry: API Separator + Flotation + Biological Treatment.
- Machining Industry: Centrifugal or Coalescing Filter.
- Food Industry: Gravity Separation + Membrane Treatment.
- Marine Industry: Compact Vortex or Centrifugal Equipment.
The best separation effect can be achieved by selecting appropriate equipment or combined processes according to specific needs.
